3.step 3. Risk Factors
Compared with men with BMI? 25 kg/m 2 , the age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis was over four-fold higher in those with BMI < 25 (odds ratio (OR) 4.4 (1.51, ) in age-adjusted model (Table 3). The association between BMI and osteopenia was similar among overweight/obese and normal weight men, although not statistically significant (Table 3).
Both Body mass index and you can pounds was in fact synchronised which have BMD, and you will BMC evidence plus the most effective Pearson’s correlation coefficients was in fact located between weight and you can BMC as a whole cool and you can trochanter places and you may the latest weakest of them was between Bmi and you can femoral neck BMC. The correlations ranging from ages and you can BMD and you will BMC symptoms was bad (Desk cuatro).
Age-modified proportion out-of BMD and you can BMC variation explained because of the Body mass index and you can pounds is revealed during the Table 5. Lbs tended to tell you deeper variations in BMD and you can BMC shipping whatsoever this new studied skeletal internet sites versus Body mass index. It was mirrored by the steeper slope (?) of the respective linear regression lines. The very best difference between BMD and you may BMC distribution searched on trochanter BMC accompanied by lumbar BMC to possess pounds. Weight is a vital predictor from BMD and you will BMC type for the earlier Iranian males.
cuatro. Dialogue
In this study, both BMI and weight were associated with BMD, and obesity significantly decreased the risk for osteoporosis in men. These results are consistent with most previous studies, particularly in postmenopausal women, which indicated that lower BMI and weight were associated with lower BMD. Prospective studies found that the early postmenopausal women who have biggercity aansluiting low BMI lose more bones compared to those with higher BMI tertiles [4, 8]. In other cross-sectional studies, however, thinness is related to both osteoporosis and increased fracture risk [10, 11]. Iqbal et al. found that low BMI is a good indicator for referral of women less than 60 years old for measurements of BMD. Similar studies also reported a consistent finding that lower BMI was associated with lower BMD [5, 6, 28]. In a study similar to ours, those with lower BMI were at higher risk of low BMD . The Studies of National Osteoporosis Foundation and others suggested that low BMI should be included in the risk assessment tools for evaluation of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture risk [29–31]. We found that men with BMI < 25 had 4.4 (95% CI 1.5, 12.8) times higher age-adjusted risk of osteoporosis than men with BMI ? 25. In contrast, Steinschneider et al. in a cross-sectional study reported that the correlation between BMD at the femoral neck and BMI was highly positive among postmenopausal women. A hospital-based study conducted in elderly men reported that overweight and obese men were more likely to have osteoporosis and osteopenia . The possible explanation for the discrepancies between these results might be related to populations, research designs, sampling methods, and methodological differences.
The brand new systems wherein fatty tissue exerts results to your BMD status aren’t completely clear. The new putative process benefits away from fatty tissue to have skeletal integrity most likely resides in the fresh new part of a lot adipokines from inside the bones renovations because of effect on one another creation and resorption. Recently, limbs could have been noticed an hormonal body organ affecting pounds manage and you will sugar homoeostasis through the procedures out of limbs-derived things such as for example osteocalcin and you can osteopontin [23, 34–36]. Brand new putative crosstalk between fat therefore the bones comprises an excellent homoeostatic views system in which adipokines and you may particles released by osteoblasts and osteoclasts represent the link off a working bone-adipose axis [34–36]. Obesity is also associated with BMD of the transformation out of androgen to help you estrogen , and this improves bones mass both in individuals [38, 39] and keeps healthy plasma levels of insulin and you can regulating products in addition to insulin-such gains basis-step 1, leptin, and adiponectin . Likewise, obesity provides cushioning for the hip in case there is an effective slip . not, the latest systems for which all of these events exists continue to be unclear.